Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy represent the cutting edge of minimally invasive gynecologic surgery. Both techniques allow for precise diagnosis and treatment through small incisions, minimizing patient discomfort, scarring, and recovery time. During laparoscopy, a thin telescope-like instrument is inserted into the abdomen, providing real-time image

Male infertility can pose considerable hurdle for individuals striving to conceive. While the underlying factors can range extensively, several common culprits are recognized. Genetic predisposition plays a role, as do health issues like varicocele. Lifestyle decisions such as smoking can also negatively influence male fertility. The emotional burd